The fiftieth state boasts Hawaiian
shirts as a piece of their colorful history. In Hawaii this shirt is known as
the Aloha shirt. The origin of the Hawaiian shirt begins during the 1920s and
the 1930s when immigrants settled in what was then a plantation town. Hawaii
grew and refined sugar cane and was responsible for pineapple harvests. These
two items purported prosperity for immigrants. Many of those immigrants were
Japanese who brought with them brightly colored Kimono cloth. Those immigrants
from the Philippines brought with them the un-tucked Barong Tagalog. China
carried bright colored formal garments as well as silk, and those from the
United States transported collared shirts. Combined with the traditional
geometric patterns of Native Hawaiians, the Kapa Pa'u and the Kapa Malo birthed the Palaka shirt as
well as the Kimono cloth shirt. The first was short sleeved, geometric line
patterns covering the shirt, worn by plantation workers. The plaid geometric design
resembles a checkerboard. Japanese housekeepers were responsible for the
creation of the latter, making shirts for boys and men out of the leftover
Kimono cloth.
By this time, Ellery Chun began selling
the short sleeved shirts as part of an economic recovery plan for the business
he took over from his father located in downtown Honolulu. He and his sister
expanded the interests of the Dry Goods store in the local Chinese community
and renamed the location King-Smith Clothiers. As his continued this endeavor
during the Great Depression, what came to be known as the Hawaiian shirt was
also picked up by the company Musa-Shiya the Shirt
Maker. This fabric store is still in business today, located at the Ala Moana Shopping Center in Honolulu. It continues to boast
that the initial sale of the Hawaiian shirt began at a mere 95 cents.
By 1932, the owner of Surfriders Sportswear Manufacturing-Ti Haw Ho-began selling
the Hawaiian shirt. Ellery Chun, however, is still credited with original print
designs of the Palm Trees, Pineapples, and Hula Girls which are now popular.
These original designs were crafted by three or four dozen at a time out of
imported cloth from China, Japan, Tahiti, and the United States. The Hawaiian
shirt rose as residents, beach boys, and surfers took notice of the shirts.
Tourists, Hollywood stars, and famous visitors noticed
the ease of the design and its bright colors, thus linking the Hawaiian shirt
to Hawaii. This became a signature that was only available on the island and
was encouraged stylistically on the mainland.
Ellery Chun continued to expand his
line of Hawaiian shirts by including bright tropical patterns which veered
toward Hawaiian designs instead of the typical Asian designs. Advertising for
the shirts began with the start of the local radio talent show hosted by the Moana Surfrider Hotel. Their
popularity took hold by the 1950s with the official acceptance of Hawaii as the
50th state. More tourists came to the island, as well as more
advertisement and attention in Hollywood films throughout each decade.
Hawaiian-based television series showed off the Hawaiian shirt. During the 1980's actors like Tom Sellick became known for wearing the Hawaiian shirt in the
hit television series Magnum P.I. wherein he was a private investigator who was seen wearing Hawaiian shirts as
his daily work attire. However, its popularity on the mainland began with the
release of "From Here to Eternity" featuring Frank Sinatra as well as
Montgomery Cliff each wearing a Hawaiian shirt. During their television shows,
Arthur Godfry and Bing Crosby donned the Hawaiian
shirt as well. "Hawaiian Eye" was a television series which featured Robert
Conrad exposing Hawaiian shirts. Elvis Presley also wore Hawaiian shirts in his
movie "Blue Hawaii". Lastly, "Hawaii Five-O" featuring Jack Lord showed off
popular Hawaiian shirt appearances.